From Jason Turner

[cpp.embed.param.if.empty]

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+ #### `if_empty` parameter <a id="cpp.embed.param.if.empty">[[cpp.embed.param.if.empty]]</a>
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+
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+ An embed-parameter of the form
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+
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+ ``` bnf
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+ 'if_empty (' pp-balanced-token-seqₒₚₜ ')'
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+ ```
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+
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+ shall appear at most once in the *embed-parameter-seq*.
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+
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+ If the resource is not empty, this *embed-parameter* is ignored.
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+ Otherwise, the `#embed` directive is replaced by the
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+ *pp-balanced-token-seq*.
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+
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+ [*Example 1*:
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+
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+ `limit(0)` affects when a resource is considered empty. Therefore, the
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+ following program:
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+
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+ ``` cpp
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+ #embed </owo/uwurandom> \
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+ if_empty(42203) limit(0)
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+ ```
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+
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+ expands to
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+
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+ ``` cpp
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+ 42203
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+ ```
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+
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+ — *end example*]
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+
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+ [*Example 2*:
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+
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+ This resource is considered empty due to the `limit(0)`
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+ *embed-parameter*, always, including in `__has_embed` clauses.
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+
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+ ``` cpp
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+ int infinity_zero () {
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+ #if __has_embed(</owo/uwurandom> limit(0) prefix(some tokens)) == __STDC_EMBED_EMPTY__
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+ // if </owo/uwurandom> exists, this conditional inclusion branch is taken and the function returns 0.
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+ return 0;
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+ #else
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+ // otherwise, the resource does not exist
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+ #error "The resource does not exist"
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+ #endif
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ — *end example*]
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+