tmp/tmp840ooj3z/{from.md → to.md}
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| 1 |
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### General <a id="stmt.iter.general">[[stmt.iter.general]]</a>
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Iteration statements specify looping.
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``` bnf
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iteration-statement:
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while '(' condition ')' statement
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do statement while '(' expression ')' ';'
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for '(' init-statement conditionₒₚₜ ';' expressionₒₚₜ ')' statement
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for '(' init-statementₒₚₜ for-range-declaration ':' for-range-initializer ')' statement
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```
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``` bnf
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for-range-declaration:
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attribute-specifier-seqₒₚₜ decl-specifier-seq declarator
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attribute-specifier-seqₒₚₜ decl-specifier-seq ref-qualifierₒₚₜ '[' identifier-list ']'
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```
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``` bnf
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for-range-initializer:
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expr-or-braced-init-list
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```
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See [[dcl.meaning]] for the optional *attribute-specifier-seq* in a
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*for-range-declaration*.
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[*Note 1*: An *init-statement* ends with a semicolon. — *end note*]
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The substatement in an *iteration-statement* implicitly defines a block
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scope [[basic.scope]] which is entered and exited each time through the
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loop. If the substatement in an *iteration-statement* is a single
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statement and not a *compound-statement*, it is as if it was rewritten
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to be a *compound-statement* containing the original statement.
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[*Example 1*:
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``` cpp
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while (--x >= 0)
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int i;
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```
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can be equivalently rewritten as
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``` cpp
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while (--x >= 0) {
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int i;
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}
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```
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Thus after the `while` statement, `i` is no longer in scope.
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— *end example*]
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