tmp/tmp3pvbhg4q/{from.md → to.md}
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### Memory model <a id="intro.memory">[[intro.memory]]</a>
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The fundamental storage unit in the C++ memory model is the *byte*. A
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byte is at least large enough to contain
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the
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[*Note 1*: The representation of types is described in
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[[basic.types]]. — *end note*]
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A *memory location* is either an object of scalar type
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sequence of adjacent bit-fields all having
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[*Note 2*: Various features of the language, such as references and
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virtual functions, might involve additional memory locations that are
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not accessible to programs but are managed by the
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implementation. — *end note*]
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@@ -44,11 +49,11 @@ struct {
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int b:5,
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c:11,
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:0,
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d:8;
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struct {int ee:8;} e;
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}
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```
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contains four separate memory locations: The member `a` and bit-fields
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`d` and `e.ee` are each separate memory locations, and can be modified
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concurrently without interfering with each other. The bit-fields `b` and
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### Memory model <a id="intro.memory">[[intro.memory]]</a>
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The fundamental storage unit in the C++ memory model is the *byte*. A
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byte is at least large enough to contain the ordinary literal encoding
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of any element of the basic literal character set [[lex.charset]] and
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the eight-bit code units of the Unicode[^5]
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UTF-8 encoding form and is composed of a contiguous sequence of
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bits,[^6]
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the number of which is *implementation-defined*. The least significant
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bit is called the *low-order bit*; the most significant bit is called
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the *high-order bit*. The memory available to a C++ program consists of
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one or more sequences of contiguous bytes. Every byte has a unique
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address.
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[*Note 1*: The representation of types is described in
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[[basic.types.general]]. — *end note*]
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A *memory location* is either an object of scalar type that is not a
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bit-field or a maximal sequence of adjacent bit-fields all having
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nonzero width.
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[*Note 2*: Various features of the language, such as references and
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virtual functions, might involve additional memory locations that are
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not accessible to programs but are managed by the
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implementation. — *end note*]
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int b:5,
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c:11,
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:0,
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d:8;
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struct {int ee:8;} e;
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};
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```
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contains four separate memory locations: The member `a` and bit-fields
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`d` and `e.ee` are each separate memory locations, and can be modified
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concurrently without interfering with each other. The bit-fields `b` and
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