From Jason Turner

[conv.rank]

C++17 → C++20 5.2 KB 93 lines
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- ## Integer conversion rank <a id="conv.rank">[[conv.rank]]</a>
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  Every integer type has an *integer conversion rank* defined as follows:
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  - No two signed integer types other than `char` and `signed
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  char` (if `char` is signed) shall have the same rank, even if they
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  have the same representation.
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  - The rank of a signed integer type shall be greater than the rank of
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- any signed integer type with a smaller size.
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  - The rank of `long long int` shall be greater than the rank of
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  `long int`, which shall be greater than the rank of `int`, which shall
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  be greater than the rank of `short int`, which shall be greater than
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  the rank of `signed char`.
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  - The rank of any unsigned integer type shall equal the rank of the
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  corresponding signed integer type.
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  - The rank of any standard integer type shall be greater than the rank
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- of any extended integer type with the same size.
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  - The rank of `char` shall equal the rank of `signed char` and
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  `unsigned char`.
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  - The rank of `bool` shall be less than the rank of all other standard
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  integer types.
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- - The ranks of `char16_t`, `char32_t`, and `wchar_t` shall equal the
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- ranks of their underlying types ([[basic.fundamental]]).
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  - The rank of any extended signed integer type relative to another
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- extended signed integer type with the same size is
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  *implementation-defined*, but still subject to the other rules for
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  determining the integer conversion rank.
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  - For all integer types `T1`, `T2`, and `T3`, if `T1` has greater rank
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  than `T2` and `T2` has greater rank than `T3`, then `T1` shall have
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  greater rank than `T3`.
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  [*Note 1*: The integer conversion rank is used in the definition of the
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- integral promotions ([[conv.prom]]) and the usual arithmetic
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- conversions (Clause  [[expr]]). — *end note*]
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- <!-- Link reference definitions -->
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- [basic.compound]: basic.md#basic.compound
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- [basic.def.odr]: basic.md#basic.def.odr
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- [basic.fundamental]: basic.md#basic.fundamental
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- [basic.lval]: basic.md#basic.lval
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- [basic.stc.dynamic.deallocation]: basic.md#basic.stc.dynamic.deallocation
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- [basic.stc.dynamic.safety]: basic.md#basic.stc.dynamic.safety
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- [basic.type.qualifier]: basic.md#basic.type.qualifier
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- [class.access]: class.md#class.access
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- [class.bit]: class.md#class.bit
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- [class.conv]: special.md#class.conv
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- [class.derived]: class.md#class.derived
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- [class.dtor]: special.md#class.dtor
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- [class.member.lookup]: class.md#class.member.lookup
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- [class.mi]: class.md#class.mi
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- [class.temporary]: special.md#class.temporary
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- [class.union]: class.md#class.union
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- [conv]: #conv
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- [conv.array]: #conv.array
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- [conv.bool]: #conv.bool
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- [conv.double]: #conv.double
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- [conv.fctptr]: #conv.fctptr
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- [conv.fpint]: #conv.fpint
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- [conv.fpprom]: #conv.fpprom
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- [conv.func]: #conv.func
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- [conv.integral]: #conv.integral
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- [conv.lval]: #conv.lval
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- [conv.mem]: #conv.mem
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- [conv.prom]: #conv.prom
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- [conv.ptr]: #conv.ptr
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- [conv.qual]: #conv.qual
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- [conv.rank]: #conv.rank
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- [conv.rval]: #conv.rval
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- [dcl.array]: dcl.md#dcl.array
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- [dcl.enum]: dcl.md#dcl.enum
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- [dcl.fct]: dcl.md#dcl.fct
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- [dcl.init]: dcl.md#dcl.init
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- [dcl.init.ref]: dcl.md#dcl.init.ref
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- [dcl.mptr]: dcl.md#dcl.mptr
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- [dcl.ptr]: dcl.md#dcl.ptr
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- [dcl.ref]: dcl.md#dcl.ref
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- [expr]: expr.md#expr
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- [intro.execution]: intro.md#intro.execution
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- [lex.icon]: lex.md#lex.icon
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- [over.best.ics]: over.md#over.best.ics
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- [over.over]: over.md#over.over
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- [stmt.iter]: stmt.md#stmt.iter
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- [stmt.select]: stmt.md#stmt.select
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-
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- [^1]: For historical reasons, this conversion is called the
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- “lvalue-to-rvalue” conversion, even though that name does not
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- accurately reflect the taxonomy of expressions described in 
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- [[basic.lval]].
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-
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- [^2]: In C++class and array prvalues can have cv-qualified types. This
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- differs from ISO C, in which non-lvalues never have cv-qualified
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- types.
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-
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- [^3]: This conversion never applies to non-static member functions
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- because an lvalue that refers to a non-static member function cannot
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- be obtained.
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-
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- [^4]: These rules ensure that const-safety is preserved by the
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- conversion.
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-
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- [^5]: The rule for conversion of pointers to members (from pointer to
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- member of base to pointer to member of derived) appears inverted
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- compared to the rule for pointers to objects (from pointer to
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- derived to pointer to base) ([[conv.ptr]], Clause 
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- [[class.derived]]). This inversion is necessary to ensure type
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- safety. Note that a pointer to member is not an object pointer or a
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- function pointer and the rules for conversions of such pointers do
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- not apply to pointers to members. In particular, a pointer to member
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- cannot be converted to a `void*`.
 
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+ ### Integer conversion rank <a id="conv.rank">[[conv.rank]]</a>
2
 
3
  Every integer type has an *integer conversion rank* defined as follows:
4
 
5
  - No two signed integer types other than `char` and `signed
6
  char` (if `char` is signed) shall have the same rank, even if they
7
  have the same representation.
8
  - The rank of a signed integer type shall be greater than the rank of
9
+ any signed integer type with a smaller width.
10
  - The rank of `long long int` shall be greater than the rank of
11
  `long int`, which shall be greater than the rank of `int`, which shall
12
  be greater than the rank of `short int`, which shall be greater than
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  the rank of `signed char`.
14
  - The rank of any unsigned integer type shall equal the rank of the
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  corresponding signed integer type.
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  - The rank of any standard integer type shall be greater than the rank
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+ of any extended integer type with the same width.
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  - The rank of `char` shall equal the rank of `signed char` and
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  `unsigned char`.
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  - The rank of `bool` shall be less than the rank of all other standard
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  integer types.
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+ - The ranks of `char8_t`, `char16_t`, `char32_t`, and `wchar_t` shall
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+ equal the ranks of their underlying types [[basic.fundamental]].
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  - The rank of any extended signed integer type relative to another
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+ extended signed integer type with the same width is
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  *implementation-defined*, but still subject to the other rules for
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  determining the integer conversion rank.
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  - For all integer types `T1`, `T2`, and `T3`, if `T1` has greater rank
29
  than `T2` and `T2` has greater rank than `T3`, then `T1` shall have
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  greater rank than `T3`.
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  [*Note 1*: The integer conversion rank is used in the definition of the
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+ integral promotions [[conv.prom]] and the usual arithmetic conversions
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+ [[expr.arith.conv]]. — *end note*]
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