tmp/tmp7vk5xg5c/{from.md → to.md}
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## Exception classes <a id="std.exceptions">[[std.exceptions]]</a>
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The
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errors ([[res.on.exception.handling]]) in C++programs. In the error
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model reflected in these classes, errors are divided into two broad
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categories: *logic* errors and *runtime* errors.
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The distinguishing characteristic of logic errors is that they are due
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program. They cannot be easily predicted in advance. The header
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`<stdexcept>` defines several types of predefined exceptions for
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reporting errors in a C++program. These exceptions are related by
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inheritance.
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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class logic_error;
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class domain_error;
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class invalid_argument;
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@@ -49,19 +51,19 @@ as violations of logical preconditions or class invariants.
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logic_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `logic_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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logic_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `logic_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `domain_error` <a id="domain.error">[[domain.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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@@ -80,19 +82,19 @@ exceptions by the implementation to report domain errors.
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domain_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `domain_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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domain_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `domain_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `invalid_argument` <a id="invalid.argument">[[invalid.argument]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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invalid_argument(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `invalid_argument`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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invalid_argument(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `invalid_argument`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `length_error` <a id="length.error">[[length.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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length_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `length_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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length_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `length_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `out_of_range` <a id="out.of.range">[[out.of.range]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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out_of_range(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `out_of_range`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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out_of_range(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `out_of_range`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `runtime_error` <a id="runtime.error">[[runtime.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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runtime_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `runtime_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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runtime_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `runtime_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `range_error` <a id="range.error">[[range.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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range_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `range_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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range_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `range_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `overflow_error` <a id="overflow.error">[[overflow.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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@@ -268,19 +270,19 @@ exceptions to report an arithmetic overflow error.
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overflow_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `overflow_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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overflow_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `overflow_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `underflow_error` <a id="underflow.error">[[underflow.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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@@ -299,15 +301,15 @@ exceptions to report an arithmetic underflow error.
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underflow_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `underflow_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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underflow_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `underflow_error`.
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`strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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## Exception classes <a id="std.exceptions">[[std.exceptions]]</a>
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+
The C++standard library provides classes to be used to report certain
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errors ([[res.on.exception.handling]]) in C++programs. In the error
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model reflected in these classes, errors are divided into two broad
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categories: *logic* errors and *runtime* errors.
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| 7 |
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The distinguishing characteristic of logic errors is that they are due
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program. They cannot be easily predicted in advance. The header
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`<stdexcept>` defines several types of predefined exceptions for
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reporting errors in a C++program. These exceptions are related by
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inheritance.
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### Header `<stdexcept>` synopsis <a id="stdexcept.syn">[[stdexcept.syn]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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class logic_error;
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class domain_error;
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class invalid_argument;
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logic_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `logic_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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logic_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `logic_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `domain_error` <a id="domain.error">[[domain.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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domain_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `domain_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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domain_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `domain_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `invalid_argument` <a id="invalid.argument">[[invalid.argument]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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invalid_argument(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `invalid_argument`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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invalid_argument(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `invalid_argument`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `length_error` <a id="length.error">[[length.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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length_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `length_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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length_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `length_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `out_of_range` <a id="out.of.range">[[out.of.range]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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out_of_range(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `out_of_range`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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out_of_range(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `out_of_range`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `runtime_error` <a id="runtime.error">[[runtime.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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runtime_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `runtime_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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runtime_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `runtime_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `range_error` <a id="range.error">[[range.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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range_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `range_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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range_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `range_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `overflow_error` <a id="overflow.error">[[overflow.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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overflow_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `overflow_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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overflow_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `overflow_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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### Class `underflow_error` <a id="underflow.error">[[underflow.error]]</a>
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``` cpp
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namespace std {
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underflow_error(const string& what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `underflow_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0`.
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``` cpp
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underflow_error(const char* what_arg);
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```
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*Effects:* Constructs an object of class `underflow_error`.
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*Postconditions:* `strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0`.
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