From Jason Turner

[fstream.syn]

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+ ### Header `<fstream>` synopsis <a id="fstream.syn">[[fstream.syn]]</a>
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+
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+ ``` cpp
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+ namespace std {
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+ template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT>>
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+ class basic_filebuf;
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+ using filebuf = basic_filebuf<char>;
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+ using wfilebuf = basic_filebuf<wchar_t>;
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+
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+ template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT>>
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+ class basic_ifstream;
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+ using ifstream = basic_ifstream<char>;
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+ using wifstream = basic_ifstream<wchar_t>;
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+
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+ template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT>>
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+ class basic_ofstream;
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+ using ofstream = basic_ofstream<char>;
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+ using wofstream = basic_ofstream<wchar_t>;
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+
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+ template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT>>
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+ class basic_fstream;
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+ using fstream = basic_fstream<char>;
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+ using wfstream = basic_fstream<wchar_t>;
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ The header `<fstream>` defines four class templates and eight types that
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+ associate stream buffers with files and assist reading and writing
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+ files.
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+
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+ [*Note 1*: The class template `basic_filebuf` treats a file as a source
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+ or sink of bytes. In an environment that uses a large character set, the
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+ file typically holds multibyte character sequences and the
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+ `basic_filebuf` object converts those multibyte sequences into wide
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+ character sequences. — *end note*]
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+
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+ In this subclause, member functions taking arguments of
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+ `const filesystem::path::value_type*` are only be provided on systems
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+ where `filesystem::path::value_type` ([[fs.class.path]]) is not `char`.
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+
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+ [*Note 2*: These functions enable class `path` support for systems with
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+ a wide native path character type, such as `wchar_t`. — *end note*]
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+