From Jason Turner

[clocale.syn]

C++14 → C++17 10.1 KB 240 lines
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Archived: C++14 | C++17
Markdown: C++14 | C++17
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+ ### Header `<clocale>` synopsis <a id="clocale.syn">[[clocale.syn]]</a>
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+
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+ ``` cpp
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+ namespace std {
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+ struct lconv;
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+
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+ char* setlocale(int category, const char* locale);
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+ lconv* localeconv();
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+ }
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+
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+ #define NULL see [support.types.nullptr]
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+ #define LC_ALL see below
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+ #define LC_COLLATE see below
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+ #define LC_CTYPE see below
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+ #define LC_MONETARY see below
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+ #define LC_NUMERIC see below
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+ #define LC_TIME see below
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+ ```
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+
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+ The contents and meaning of the header `<clocale>` are the same as the C
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+ standard library header `<locale.h>`.
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+
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+ Calls to the function `setlocale` may introduce a data race (
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+ [[res.on.data.races]]) with other calls to `setlocale` or with calls to
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+ the functions listed in Table  [[tab:setlocale.data.races]].
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+
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+ ISO C 7.11.
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+
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+ **Table: Potential `setlocale` data races** <a id="tab:setlocale.data.races">[tab:setlocale.data.races]</a>
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+
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+ | | | | | |
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+ | --------- | ---------- | ----------- | ------------ | ---------- |
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+ | `fprintf` | `isprint` | `iswdigit` | `localeconv` | `tolower` |
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+ | `fscanf` | `ispunct` | `iswgraph` | `mblen` | `toupper` |
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+ | `isalnum` | `isspace` | `iswlower` | `mbstowcs` | `towlower` |
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+ | `isalpha` | `isupper` | `iswprint` | `mbtowc` | `towupper` |
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+ | `isblank` | `iswalnum` | `iswpunct` | `setlocale` | `wcscoll` |
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+ | `iscntrl` | `iswalpha` | `iswspace` | `strcoll` | `wcstod` |
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+ | `isdigit` | `iswblank` | `iswupper` | `strerror` | `wcstombs` |
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+ | `isgraph` | `iswcntrl` | `iswxdigit` | `strtod` | `wcsxfrm` |
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+ | `islower` | `iswctype` | `isxdigit` | `strxfrm` | `wctomb` |
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+
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+
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+
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+ <!-- Link reference definitions -->
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+ [alg.lex.comparison]: algorithms.md#alg.lex.comparison
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+ [alg.sort]: algorithms.md#alg.sort
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+ [algorithms]: algorithms.md#algorithms
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+ [basic.start.static]: basic.md#basic.start.static
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+ [bitmask.types]: library.md#bitmask.types
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+ [c.files]: input.md#c.files
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+ [c.locales]: #c.locales
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+ [category.collate]: #category.collate
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+ [category.ctype]: #category.ctype
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+ [category.messages]: #category.messages
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+ [category.monetary]: #category.monetary
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+ [category.numeric]: #category.numeric
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+ [category.time]: #category.time
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+ [classification]: #classification
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+ [clocale.syn]: #clocale.syn
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+ [conversions]: #conversions
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+ [conversions.character]: #conversions.character
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+ [facet.ctype.char.dtor]: #facet.ctype.char.dtor
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+ [facet.ctype.char.members]: #facet.ctype.char.members
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+ [facet.ctype.char.statics]: #facet.ctype.char.statics
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+ [facet.ctype.char.virtuals]: #facet.ctype.char.virtuals
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+ [facet.ctype.special]: #facet.ctype.special
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+ [facet.num.get.members]: #facet.num.get.members
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+ [facet.num.get.virtuals]: #facet.num.get.virtuals
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+ [facet.num.put.members]: #facet.num.put.members
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+ [facet.num.put.virtuals]: #facet.num.put.virtuals
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+ [facet.numpunct]: #facet.numpunct
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+ [facet.numpunct.members]: #facet.numpunct.members
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+ [facet.numpunct.virtuals]: #facet.numpunct.virtuals
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+ [facets.examples]: #facets.examples
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+ [file.streams]: input.md#file.streams
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+ [ios.base]: input.md#ios.base
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+ [istream.formatted]: input.md#istream.formatted
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+ [istream.formatted.reqmts]: input.md#istream.formatted.reqmts
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+ [iterator.requirements]: iterators.md#iterator.requirements
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+ [lex.charset]: lex.md#lex.charset
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+ [locale]: #locale
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+ [locale.categories]: #locale.categories
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+ [locale.category]: #locale.category
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+ [locale.codecvt]: #locale.codecvt
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+ [locale.codecvt.byname]: #locale.codecvt.byname
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+ [locale.codecvt.members]: #locale.codecvt.members
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+ [locale.codecvt.virtuals]: #locale.codecvt.virtuals
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+ [locale.collate]: #locale.collate
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+ [locale.collate.byname]: #locale.collate.byname
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+ [locale.collate.members]: #locale.collate.members
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+ [locale.collate.virtuals]: #locale.collate.virtuals
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+ [locale.cons]: #locale.cons
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+ [locale.convenience]: #locale.convenience
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+ [locale.ctype]: #locale.ctype
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+ [locale.ctype.byname]: #locale.ctype.byname
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+ [locale.ctype.members]: #locale.ctype.members
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+ [locale.ctype.virtuals]: #locale.ctype.virtuals
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+ [locale.facet]: #locale.facet
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+ [locale.global.templates]: #locale.global.templates
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+ [locale.id]: #locale.id
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+ [locale.members]: #locale.members
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+ [locale.messages]: #locale.messages
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+ [locale.messages.byname]: #locale.messages.byname
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+ [locale.messages.members]: #locale.messages.members
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+ [locale.messages.virtuals]: #locale.messages.virtuals
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+ [locale.money.get]: #locale.money.get
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+ [locale.money.get.members]: #locale.money.get.members
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+ [locale.money.get.virtuals]: #locale.money.get.virtuals
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+ [locale.money.put]: #locale.money.put
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+ [locale.money.put.members]: #locale.money.put.members
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+ [locale.money.put.virtuals]: #locale.money.put.virtuals
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+ [locale.moneypunct]: #locale.moneypunct
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+ [locale.moneypunct.byname]: #locale.moneypunct.byname
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+ [locale.moneypunct.members]: #locale.moneypunct.members
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+ [locale.moneypunct.virtuals]: #locale.moneypunct.virtuals
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+ [locale.nm.put]: #locale.nm.put
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+ [locale.num.get]: #locale.num.get
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+ [locale.numpunct]: #locale.numpunct
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+ [locale.numpunct.byname]: #locale.numpunct.byname
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+ [locale.operators]: #locale.operators
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+ [locale.statics]: #locale.statics
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+ [locale.syn]: #locale.syn
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+ [locale.time.get]: #locale.time.get
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+ [locale.time.get.byname]: #locale.time.get.byname
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+ [locale.time.get.members]: #locale.time.get.members
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+ [locale.time.get.virtuals]: #locale.time.get.virtuals
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+ [locale.time.put]: #locale.time.put
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+ [locale.time.put.byname]: #locale.time.put.byname
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+ [locale.time.put.members]: #locale.time.put.members
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+ [locale.time.put.virtuals]: #locale.time.put.virtuals
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+ [locale.types]: #locale.types
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+ [locales]: #locales
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+ [localization]: #localization
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+ [localization.general]: #localization.general
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+ [ostream.formatted.reqmts]: input.md#ostream.formatted.reqmts
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+ [res.on.data.races]: library.md#res.on.data.races
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+ [sequence.reqmts]: containers.md#sequence.reqmts
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+ [tab:lib.locale.time.get.virtuals.dogetdate]: #tab:lib.locale.time.get.virtuals.dogetdate
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+ [tab:localization.category.facets]: #tab:localization.category.facets
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+ [tab:localization.convert.result.values.out.in]: #tab:localization.convert.result.values.out.in
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+ [tab:localization.convert.result.values.unshift]: #tab:localization.convert.result.values.unshift
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+ [tab:localization.lib.summary]: #tab:localization.lib.summary
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+ [tab:localization.required.specializations]: #tab:localization.required.specializations
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+ [tab:setlocale.data.races]: #tab:setlocale.data.races
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+ [vector]: containers.md#vector
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+
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+ [^1]: In this subclause, the type name `struct tm` is an incomplete type
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+ that is defined in `<ctime>`.
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+
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+ [^2]: Note that in the call to `put` the stream is implicitly converted
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+ to an `ostreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>`.
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+
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+ [^3]: This is a complete list of requirements; there are no other
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+ requirements. Thus, a facet class need not have a public copy
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+ constructor, assignment, default constructor, destructor, etc.
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+
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+ [^4]: When used in a loop, it is faster to cache the `ctype<>` facet and
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+ use it directly, or use the vector form of `ctype<>::is`.
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+
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+ [^5]: The char argument of `do_widen` is intended to accept values
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+ derived from character literals for conversion to the locale’s
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+ encoding.
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+
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+ [^6]: In other words, the transformed character is not a member of any
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+ character classification that `c` is not also a member of.
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+
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+ [^7]: Only the `char` (not `unsigned char` and `signed char`) form is
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+ provided. The specialization is specified in the standard, and not
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+ left as an implementation detail, because it affects the derivation
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+ interface for `ctype<char>`.
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+
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+ [^8]: Informally, this means that `basic_filebuf` assumes that the
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+ mappings from internal to external characters is 1 to N: a `codecvt`
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+ facet that is used by `basic_filebuf` must be able to translate
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+ characters one internal character at a time.
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+
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+ [^9]: Typically these will be characters to return the state to
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+ `stateT()`.
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+
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+ [^10]: If `encoding()` yields `-1`, then more than `max_length()`
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+ `externT` elements may be consumed when producing a single `internT`
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+ character, and additional `externT` elements may appear at the end
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+ of a sequence after those that yield the final `internT` character.
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+
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+ [^11]: Parsing `"-1"` correctly into, e.g., an `unsigned short` requires
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+ that the corresponding member `get()` at least extract the sign
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+ before delegating.
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+
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+ [^12]: The conversion specification `#o` generates a leading `0` which
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+ is *not* a padding character.
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+
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+ [^13]: Thus, the string `"\003"` specifies groups of 3 digits each, and
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+ `"3"` probably indicates groups of 51 (!) digits each, because 51 is
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+ the ASCII value of `"3"`.
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+
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+ [^14]: This function is useful when one string is being compared to many
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+ other strings.
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+
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+ [^15]: In other words, user confirmation is required for reliable
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+ parsing of user-entered dates and times, but machine-generated
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+ formats can be parsed reliably. This allows parsers to be aggressive
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+ about interpreting user variations on standard formats.
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+
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+ [^16]: This function is intended as a convenience only, for common
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+ formats, and may return `no_order` in valid locales.
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+
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+ [^17]: Although the C programming language defines no modifiers, most
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+ vendors do.
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+
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+ [^18]: Interpretation of the `modifier` argument is
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+ implementation-defined, but should follow POSIX conventions.
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+
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+ [^19]: Implementations are encouraged to refer to other standards such
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+ as POSIX for these definitions.
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+
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+ [^20]: The semantics here are different from `ct.narrow`.
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+
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+ [^21]: An array of `char`, rather than an array of `part`, is specified
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+ for `pattern::field` purely for efficiency.
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+
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+ [^22]: In common U.S. locales this is `’.’`.
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+
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+ [^23]: In common U.S. locales this is `’,’`.
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+
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+ [^24]: To specify grouping by 3s, the value is `"\003"` *not* `"3"`.
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+
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+ [^25]: For international specializations (second template parameter
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+ `true`) this is typically four characters long, usually three
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+ letters and a space.
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+
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+ [^26]: This is usually the empty string.
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+
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+ [^27]: In common U.S. locales, this is 2.
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+
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+ [^28]: Note that the international symbol returned by `do_curr_sym()`
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+ usually contains a space, itself; for example, `"USD "`.